How to read the datasheet is an essential skill as an electronic engineer!
The fast reading ability of Datasheet is the basic quality that every engineer should possess.
Whether it is the selection at the beginning of the project or the subsequent software and hardware design, to the later stage of the project debugging, engineers often worry about the English Datasheet. With such thick information, read page by page, what time do I have to work overtime?
So how to find the most needed content in the shortest time?
Datasheet (Data Manual): The data manual of the electronic component or chip, generally compiled by the manufacturer, the format is generally PDF, and the content is the parameters of the electronic component or chip, electrical parameters, physical parameters, and even manufacturing materials, recommendations for use, etc. , The content format is generally explanatory text, various characteristic curves, charts, data tables, etc. PDF files of data manuals are generally distributed free of charge.
As an engineer, you must also pay attention to the typical performance of the device, minimum and maximum requirements and characteristics, what you can do without damaging it, and usage suggestions and tips.
Datasheet from the project point of view
The first is device selection. In the preparatory stage of the project, device selection is an important work content. Correspondingly, there will be a brief introduction and feature list in the most eye-catching position of each chip's Datasheet, including the basic content of the device's supply voltage, current, power consumption, resources, packaging information, etc., through which we can quickly clarify the chip Functions and areas of use, to determine whether the chip can meet the needs of the project. In this way, we can carry out rapid screening and complete the selection work.
After confirming the device model, we will start the subsequent design work. For hardware engineers, device packaging, pin assignments, and reference design are the first points to be concerned about. With these parts, hardware engineers can start their work immediately.
Then some Datasheets will consider the PCB layout of the reference board, and some will form this part of the content into a separate Demo document. In general parts, such as power supply, reset, debug circuit, etc., we can refer to these useful documents as much as possible, read the layout design guide in detail, and reduce risks in PCB layout and increase the probability of success.
Since the requirements of each project are different, there will be differences in the use of devices, so these differences from the reference design are the points we should focus on. We can search while designing. For example, you must be extra careful when pulling up, pulling down, or suspending specific pins. There are often some small traps in the handling of these pins. Generally, there will be clear instructions in the datasheet, and we need to read them carefully.
The Datasheet often contains a lot of charts, and we can focus on them when designing the hardware in the early stage. Such as the recommended parameters of the device, the high and low level discrimination voltage, etc., these must be clear in the early stage of the design. The non-linear parameters of some devices will be illustrated graphically. For example, the on-resistance of a diode is different under different operating voltage conditions. This requires us to determine according to the requirements of different projects. Or some data will show the performance of the device in the form of graphs, which also need to be paid attention to in the design stage. There are also diagrams showing the test methods of the device, etc., which can be temporarily ignored in the early stage of the design, and you can learn more about them when they are used.
In addition to the hardware content, the datasheet will also contain the software part. The software part of different devices differs greatly, and it is difficult to generalize. To master a basic principle is to dominate first and then second. The main thing is to focus on the boot, reset, address space, debugging information, etc. of the device. That is to say, the main part related to the normal operation of the device, first of all to ensure that the device can work. The second is the peripheral interface of the device and so on. Now that the device can work normally, let's debug each module separately according to the introduction of the datasheet.
Basically through the above content we can complete the design. However, the datasheets of many major manufacturers do not only include these contents. For example, some ADC/DAC device data of ADI will also include the principle explanation of AD/DA conversion. These first-hand information related to the chip sometimes It is clearer than the textbook. If we can study it carefully when we have time, it will undoubtedly be of great help to our design. Datasheet can be a good helper for our design, but also a good material for learning.
How to find the datasheet you want
We can get the information we want through the following channels.
1. The most direct way is to download from the official website of the original manufacturer. In this regard, the major chip manufacturers are more considerate for users. Generally, commonly used devices can be found on the official website of each company according to the device model and can be easily downloaded. Such as TI, NXP, ADI, linear, etc. On their official website, you can also make a simple selection according to different needs, allowing you to quickly locate the chip model. Even further, for example, TI’s online design tool webench, which has been promoted by TI in recent years, can facilitate power supply design. At the same time of selection, it is convenient to directly provide power supply design schematics, simulation results, cost reports, etc. Users, truly realize one-stop service.
2. The distributor's website. In addition to download sites, distributor sites are also a good choice, such as the common Digi-key, Mouser and so on. As long as they are responsible for the distribution of the device, they can basically find the corresponding information, and can understand the approximate device price. Of course, the price is for reference only, it is the price of distribution, not the price of the final batch. Another advantage of the distributor’s website is that you can find a lot of device information on their website that is not easy to determine the model, such as some commonly used switches, buttons, connectors, etc. We can easily buy many devices in the electronics market. , But the electronics market obviously will not attach a datasheet to tell you the detailed specifications and dimensions of these devices that may not be known to the manufacturer. At this time, we can look up the information of similar products on the websites of these distributors, and design the packaging according to the information of the regular manufacturers. This is also convenient for mass production and finalization of subsequent product purchases in large quantities. This is still very useful at least in the current domestic market environment.
3. Agents. Some components have special application fields. Chip manufacturers will not put the device information directly on the official website for direct download. At this time, you need to contact the chip agent, and you may also need to sign some NDA and other confidentiality agreements before you can get it. Go to the datasheet of the device.
Datasheet is also one of the most accurate ways to understand a company’s technology. Some engineers will carefully read the datasheet on the company’s official website before the interview, study the circuits used in it, and increase the probability of employment~
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