Automobile lights can be divided into two categories, namely lighting devices and signal devices, according to their applications. The lighting device is like the eyes of a car to the car, and it is used to illuminate the road, which extends and expands the driver's field of vision. The signal device is like the mouth of a car, so that the vehicle can communicate with other vehicles through the light signal, so that the car can travel safely and quickly on the road.
Headlights, front fog lights, rear fog lights, reversing lights; turn signal lights with front turn signals, rear turn signals, side turn lights; front position lights, rear position lights, brake lights; Illuminated vehicle front lights (including front position lights, rear position lights) and long-distance roads; low beam lights used to illuminate vehicle headlights, license plate lights and retroreflectors (including front reflectors) without driving on the road The staff is dazzled or uncomfortable.
The near-light cut-off line must function, and it is also required that the vehicle maintains a certain inclination angle during the factory and during normal use, so as to ensure that the low-beam use is not dazzling.
If you often drive a night train on a country road, you will appreciate the importance of a good set of lamps. According to the application, the automobile lamps can be divided into two types: illumination and auxiliary. Among them, only the headlights and some fog lamps of the automobile equipment, and the rest belong to the auxiliary lamps. Let me introduce their maintenance methods.
The headlights are the most important lighting fixtures. In the traffic regulations, the luminosity and illumination range of the headlights are required. The effect of the lighting directly affects the traffic safety. The headlights are mainly enclosed and replaceable. Enclosed means that the bulb and the lens and the lampshade are made in one piece, which is convenient for mass production of the whole lamp. Most of the square lamps and round lamps of the minicars and commercial vehicles are closed.
The headlights of the car are mostly irregular in shape, which is not conducive to making the closed type, so the bulb is separated from the lampshade and the lens. The trend now is that the more high-end cars, the more headlamps that can be replaced with light bulbs.
Auxiliary luminaires are much simpler in construction, mostly in the form of ordinary incandescent bulbs, plus colored plastic shades. In the past two years, some imported cars have used colored bulbs and transparent lampshades on the auxiliary lamps. This kind of lamps look sparkling and really look good, but the versatility of the bulbs is much worse.
The requirements for the headlights are simple: the luminosity is sufficient and the projection angle is appropriate. Light is the test item when the vehicle has passed the inspection line, but in daily use, as long as you feel good. The lighting effect of the headlights is mainly related to two factors: luminosity and angle.
The car will bump and vibrate during driving, so the lamp will be loose and misplaced, which is the most common cause of the decline in lighting effect. The angles of the headlights are adjustable, and most of them are in the front compartment and behind the headlights. It is adjusted by positioning screws, and some are adjusted outside the car or electrically adjusted inside the car. Without the aid of the metering instrument, the car can be parked in a straight road to start the engine, but it must be remembered that it must be generated by the generator to maintain the normal operation of the headlights. After each fine adjustment of the angle, in the low beam, high beam Switch between and adjust to what you feel is good.
In terms of auxiliary lighting, the requirements for the width, brake and reversing lights are bright enough and no flashing. The blinking frequency of the turn signals should be between 60 and 120 times per minute, and the frequency of the front and rear lights should be the same. Bright, you should first observe whether the lampshade is aging and yellowing, or water vapor caused by rainwater leakage. The method of cleaning the lampshade is very simple. Just remove the lampshade and wipe it with a damp cloth. If you feel that the projection angle of the light is no problem, but the lighting effect is still not good, then change the lamp. There are two kinds of bulbs for automobile headlights: incandescent lamps and halogen lamps. Among them, halogen lamps have higher luminous efficiency and longer life. Although the price is higher, they are gradually becoming mainstream. When purchasing a light bulb, be aware that the power of the new light bulb and the original light bulb should be exactly the same. Otherwise, it will burn off immediately. If it is small, the brightness will be insufficient. Generally, the label indicating the power will be attached near the lamp.
To remove the bulb, start from the back of the luminaire. First remove the plastic or rubber sleeve at the rear of the luminaire. The plastic sleeve is unscrewed. The rubber sleeve can be opened directly, and then the socket portion can be seen. Most of the bulbs are fixed by wire springs. When the wire springs are shaken left and right, they will be loosened. Then the lamp holders can be pulled out. At this time, the lamp power must be checked again.
The halogen bulb is a cylindrical small glass tube. When taking a new bulb, remember not to touch the surface of the glass with your hands. Otherwise, the grease on the glass will cause the temperature to rise when the bulb is energized, causing the bulb to break. There are several positioning pins on the base of the bulb. Insert the new bulb into its original position, make sure that the bulb does not loosen, and then return the entire headlight to its original shape in the reverse order of disassembly. Once you are done, you can return to the driver's seat, turn on the headlight switch and enjoy your work.
Some drivers, especially truck drivers, use high-power headlamps that do not meet the standard requirements. For example, the usual headlamp bulbs have a near-infrared power of 24 W and 70 W, respectively, the most common non-standard The high power of the power bulbs is 100 W, which is difficult to meet the standard requirements. The brightness cutoff line greatly increases the brightness of the near and far light, and the glare caused by other vehicles on the road is very serious. At the same time, the brightness of the near and far light is greatly increased, and the driver is easily driven to speed, and the traffic accidents at night are many. It is related to speeding and high speed driving. Nowadays, the maintenance market has converted the headlamp filament bulb into a gas discharge bulb. This modification can indeed increase the brightness of the headlamps, but this modification makes the headlamps extremely dazzling and has a great impact on traffic safety. .
The lamp for the auxiliary lamp is simpler and is usually removed from the rear of the lamp. Most signal light bulbs are attached to a base plate that can be easily removed with a screwdriver.
If it is a rear light, first remove the trim panel of the luggage. The bulb of the auxiliary lamp is generally a bulb-type incandescent lamp, and the fixing method is a right-angle plug-in type commonly used in our home. As with the headlights, remember to replace the bulb with the same wattage. If you want to drive out of the door, it is best to bring a light bulb with a headlight and a brake light. It is very dangerous to know that there is no light at night. You must never force yourself.
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