Distributed ultrasonic motor using a PSoC chip to drive a deformed wing
I. Background and necessity of the project
Morphing Aircraft changes the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft by autonomously changing the shape of the aircraft to adapt to different flight conditions, thereby expanding its flight envelope and improving its operational characteristics, reducing drag, increasing range, reducing or eliminating chatter. Vibration, chattering and eddy current disturbances, etc., to more effectively complete various missions. Among all the components of the aircraft, the wing has an extremely important influence on the lift-to-drag ratio, speed limit, maneuverability, handling and stability, economy and safety of the aircraft. The deformed wing can maintain the optimal shape required for flight by precise active deformation according to the requirements of the flight mission and flow field conditions, thus ensuring high pneumatic handling efficiency.
One of the key technologies to achieve large-scale changes in the shape of the wing is the design of the deformation drive mechanism and its control circuit. In this project, we use distributed ultrasonic motor to change the camber of the wing, and seamlessly integrate the high elastic flexible skin, ultrasonic motor driven deformation system and sensor to avoid the airflow separation phenomenon. .
Ultrasonic motor is a new micro-motor that utilizes the inverse piezoelectric effect and ultrasonic vibration of piezoelectric ceramics. It has the advantages of large torque-to-weight ratio, high precision, and self-locking of power failure. Its structure is shown in Figure 1. The ultrasonic motor must be driven to apply a certain amount of ultrasonic signal in the ultrasonic frequency band to the two-phase piezoelectric ceramic component on the stator to generate standing waves of the same frequency and phase, and superimposed into a single rotating traveling wave mode, and finally through the stator and rotor. The friction between them drives the rotor motion. Therefore, there are certain requirements on the frequency, phase and amplitude of the drive signal. In this project, we use PSoC chip to realize the processing of the drive signal.
Figure 1 TRUM-40 motor structure
The PSoC chip discards the use of discrete logic devices to build the drive and control circuits, integrating frequency generation, frequency division and phase separation, dead-band regulation, and partial drive circuits and control circuits into the PSoC, greatly reducing the complexity of the driver while satisfying The basic control requirements of the drive, the motor speed can be adjusted by frequency modulation. In addition, the powerful communication function of PSoC chip realizes the coordinated driving of multiple distributed ultrasonic motors and adaptively changes the shape of the wing, thus greatly reducing the complexity of the wing control system. Figure 2 shows a block diagram of the PSoC driver circuit for a single ultrasonic motor.
Figure 2 Ultrasonic motor PSoC drive circuit control block diagram
At present, in many single-chip application systems, the division of labor between the upper and lower positions is clear, and the data communication between the single-chip microcomputer and the upper computer is the basis of the whole system. The upper computer of this project is a PC. In order to use the computer to control the running state of the ultrasonic motor, the commonly used RS-232 serial communication circuit is used to send control commands to the PSoC, and then the relevant program and control interface are written in VB language.
Second, innovative
This project first proposed a distributed ultrasonic motor using a PSoC chip to drive a deformed wing, thereby achieving coordinated control of multiple ultrasonic motors and adaptive adjustment of the shape of the wing.
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