220V AC single-phase motor starting method and wiring diagram

September 23, 2021

The 220V AC single-phase motor starting method is the first type, the split-phase starting type, as shown in Figure 1, is assisted by the auxiliary starting winding, and its starting torque is not large. The operating rate remains approximately constant. Mainly used in electric fans, air conditioning fan motors, washing machines and other motors. Secondly, when the motor is stationary, the centrifugal switch is turned on. After the power is supplied, the starting capacitor participates in the starting work. When the rotor speed reaches 70% to 80% of the rated value, the centrifugal switch will automatically jump off, and the starting capacitor completes the task. Was disconnected. The starting winding does not participate in the running operation, and the motor continues to operate in the running winding coil, as shown in Figure 2. Third, when the motor is stationary, the centrifugal switch is turned on. After the power is supplied, the starting capacitor participates in the starting work. When the rotor speed reaches 70% to 80% of the rated value, the centrifugal switch will automatically jump off, and the starting capacitor completes the task. Was disconnected. The running capacitor is connected to the start winding to participate in the operation. This connection is generally used in places where air compressors, cutting machines, woodworking machines, etc. are heavily loaded and unstable. As shown in Figure 3.

A motor with a centrifugal switch, if the motor cannot be started successfully in a short time, the winding coil will burn out quickly. Capacitance value: Double-valued capacitor motor, large starting capacitor capacity, small operating capacitor capacity, and withstand voltage is generally greater than 400V.

Positive and negative control:

Figure 4 is a wiring diagram with a forward and reverse switch. Generally, the starting winding of this motor has the same resistance value as the running winding, that is, the starting winding and the running winding of the motor are exactly the same in wire diameter and number of coils. This type of motor is generally used in washing machines. This method of forward and reverse control is simple and does not require complicated switching switches.

Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, forward and reverse control, just reverse the 1-2 line or 3-4 line.

For the determination of the starting and running windings of Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, the starting winding is usually much larger than the DC resistance of the running winding, which can be measured with a multimeter. Generally, the DC resistance of the winding is several ohms, and the DC resistance of the starting winding is ten ohms to several tens of ohms.

Figure 1 Capacitor running wiring circuit