Nine elements of automotive electronic hardware design

There are many branches of automotive electronics. The chassis and engine control direction is biased towards system control. The energy conversion unit is biased toward the optimization of switching power supply and there are more coincidence intervals between entertainment electronics and consumer electronics. The exchange of work with colleagues in the old days probably also confirms the different developments of different branches.

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Automotive electronic hardware design work requires more time, and the reliability software has simplified the completion; in the case that you need to do it yourself, you can choose the component counting method or the stress analysis method. The former is suitable for the lack of sufficient time to get a brief As a result, the latter is the result of a phase that is designed to be confirmed.

Power consumption

Now understand that the capacity of 12V lead-acid batteries is about 50~100Ah. The power consumption mentioned here refers not only to the power consumption during operation, but also to standby power consumption. The former is seen in the entertainment system. If you don’t have a car to play, you will be funny. With the 15V150A power supply, it is impossible to start the car. The instantaneous power required at startup is very high, and the high capacity of the battery is also required.

2. Reliability

Compared to communication equipment, harsh conditions and safety-related attributes, as well as people's increasingly high warranty requirements, make the development model of all modules subject to certain changes.

3. Thermal design and thermal analysis

VOLT is equipped with three sets of cooling systems. It is believed that the increasing use of power conversion units will increase the difficulty of thermal analysis and thermal design for the entire module. Of course, when the heat accumulates to a certain extent, it has to be considered to be discharged from the entire vehicle. The device-level heat dissipation design is relatively simple.

4. Device procurement and cost control

Interestingly, local companies often use the best chips. This is what I told my colleagues from BYQ before, and they all use good things to make mistakes. At least the chip level can provide support and guarantee.

5.DFM and DFT

If you can't produce or leave some non-conforming products, the price will be shocking. Therefore, the cost of EOL equipment is often high and scary. Some places are subject to cost considerations and must be used before calibration before going offline.

6.EMC and EMI

I used to think that the EMC and EMI of the electronic module were very challenging. Now I find that the source may be as many wires as the car. Because of the many inductive loads and distribution characteristics, the last time the power supplier asked me if there is ripple in the 12V battery itself? I feel very surprised. When it comes to the car, where is the conduction coupling or the space coupling is a certain extent? Don't be surprised by the noise, especially in the future of electrified cars.

7. Regulations and standards

I have found out that there are so many standards, regional, industrial, international, and national; mainly based on test standards, as well as safety standards, etc., there have been some introductions.

8. Power supply design

This piece is indeed a big problem. In the face of more and more integrated systems, the traditional LDO seems to have changed a bit. The same point of view as Rocky is that when encountering analog signal acquisition, the error and interference of the power supply itself need to be taken into consideration. If some analog sensor harnesses are too long, some considerations may need to be made to the ground.

9. Noise and vibration

Relays, large inductors and other magnetic components are all possible to sound. Moreover, the latter two are relatively sensitive to vibration. In the future, the electrification process will use a large number of flat-panel transformers and large inductors. I believe this is the hardest hit area of ​​the design.

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