The principle design of automobile multi-function control switch
The principle design of automobile multi-function control switch
Central issues:
Insufficient traditional control switch
Multifunctional electronic control switch structure and performance
solution:
Starting runaway control circuit
Electromagnetic relay
IC integrated automatic power-off circuit
Three-terminal regulator circuit
In actual use, it is obvious that the performance and technical aspects of the power circuit and accessories of the truck are insufficient. For this reason, we have developed a multi-functional electronic ground control switch for automobiles, which has successfully solved the problem.
The main functions of the ground switch are:
â‘ When the start-up failure occurs, the main power supply will be cut off automatically;
â‘¡When the flameout is disabled, the main power supply is automatically cut off after a period of time without turning off the electrical appliances or disconnecting the grounding switch of the power supply;
â‘¢After the vehicle needs to be started or the fault is eliminated, the power is automatically reset, the vehicle can be started smoothly, the battery and the starter are protected, and the mechanical equipment (such as cars, tractors, generators, tanks, oil field work machines, and parallel machines, etc.) is realized The power circuit is automatically controlled.
Practice has proved that the automotive multi-function electronic ground control switch has the characteristics of high automation, safety and reliability, strong operability, low cost, strong applicability and so on, and has broad prospects for promotion. The ground switch has obtained the national utility model patent (patent number ZL200320106600.3).
Insufficient traditional control switch
1) A start-up failure often occurs during starting, that is, the starter pinion and the engine flywheel ring gear cannot be separated. The main reason:
â‘ The starting current is large, which causes the contact of the electromagnetic switch on the starter to be ablated and brushed, plus the maintenance is not timely, the return mechanism of the starter is dirty and the card is issued, which causes the contact of the starter electromagnetic switch to stick;
â‘¡The low oil temperature and high viscosity (especially in winter) cause the engine to be heavy when starting, so that the starter and the flywheel ring gear of the engine cannot be separated. After the start-up failure occurs, if it cannot be debugged in time, the starter or battery will be damaged and scrapped, which will cause a serious accident.
2) The mechanical grounding control switch is simple and practical, but when the flameout is stopped, it is possible to forget to disconnect the grounding switch of the power supply, so that the battery discharges and loses power, causing damage to the battery. In addition, when restarting the work, the battery power is insufficient or damaged, making the mechanical equipment unable to work normally.
3) The safety and reliability are relatively low, automatic control cannot be achieved, and manual operation is required.
Structure and performance of multifunctional electronic ground control switch
The multifunctional electronic ground control switch is mainly composed of four parts:
a) Start the runaway control circuit;
b) Electromagnetic relay;
c) IC integrated automatic power-off circuit;
d) Three-terminal voltage regulator circuit, the circuit is shown in Figure 1, and the logical structure of each part is shown in Figure 2.
As can be seen from Figure 1, the start-up control circuit a connects the starter and the electromagnetic relay b, the IC integrates an automatic power-off circuit c connects the three-terminal voltage regulator circuit d and the battery, and the electromagnetic relay b connects the battery and the starter , Three-terminal voltage regulator circuit d is connected to the battery.
Main performance of multi-function electronic ground control switch:
1) When a start-up failure occurs, the electronic ground control switch automatically powers off, so that the starter will no longer run, protecting the starter and the battery from damage. After the fault is eliminated for 5s, the control switch is automatically reset and the next normal start can be continued.
2) After the car stops running for 10 minutes, the electronic grounding control switch automatically powers off, cuts off the grounding circuit of the car, and prevents the battery from leaking. When restarting the vehicle, just press the reset button and the circuit can be automatically connected.
3) Load current: 0 ～ 800A / min.
4) Sensitivity: ≤1μs.
5) Delay error: ≤2%.
Advantages of multifunctional electronic ground control switch
After the successful development of the multifunctional electronic ground control switch, our company's 64 trucks were put into use. The actual application proves that the switch overcomes the technical deficiencies of the existing mechanical grounding switch and electromagnetic grounding switch, and has the following significant advantages:
1) There are many functions, which can control the starting failure, and can automatically reset the power supply, and can automatically cut off the power supply when the machine is stopped;
2) High degree of automation, no need for manual debugging and control, and strong operability;
3) The system device has no leakage, safe and reliable;
4) Simple structure, convenient installation and maintenance;
5) Can work under a variety of working conditions, with strong applicability and good promotion value.
4. Technical and economic benefits
1) Successfully solved the failure of starting control of mechanical equipment, avoiding personal and equipment accidents, and strong safety;
2) Reduce the damage and scrap of automobile batteries and starters, save materials, and reduce the loss of replacement and maintenance man-hours;
3) Reduce the labor intensity of the operator;
4) Timely production guarantee.
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